In 2025, China launched the Arctic Express, a commercial shipping route via the Northern Sea Route, reducing Asia–Europe transit to just 18 days. Aligned with its “Polar Silk Road” vision, the route bypasses traditional chokepoints like the Suez Canal, cutting logistics costs and emissions nearly by half.
For India, this development underscores the need to enhance maritime connectivity and safeguard strategic trade interests. Traditional sea routes risk marginalisation if India does not offer competitive alternatives. Key initiatives include:
- Chennai–Vladivostok Maritime Corridor (CVMC): Shortens India–Russia shipping to 24 days, boosting energy and heavy goods trade.
- International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC): Multi-modal route connecting India to Europe via Iran and Central Asia, reducing freight time and cost.
- India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC): Links Indian ports to the Arabian Gulf and Europe, strengthening connectivity to Western markets.
India has also pursued Arctic engagement through the Himadri Research Station, participation in the Arctic Council, and energy collaborations with Russia. The launch of China’s Arctic Express highlights the urgency for India to upgrade port infrastructure, build shipbuilding capabilities, and integrate polar trade routes into long-term trade and energy strategies.
