India’s clean energy transition has entered a new phase as maize has officially become the country’s largest ethanol feedstock for the first time. The development marks a significant shift in India’s ethanol production strategy, which was traditionally dominated by sugarcane-based sources.
According to industry estimates compiled by the All India Distillers Association (AIDA), ethanol supplies crossed 515 crore litres during the first half of the Ethanol Supply Year (ESY) 2025–26, highlighting strong momentum in India’s biofuel expansion programme.
Among grain-based sources, maize contributed nearly 182 crore litres of ethanol, overtaking other major feedstocks. Surplus rice and food grains contributed around 125 crore litres, while damaged food grains added approximately 26 crore litres.
The rapid rise of maize reflects India’s changing approach toward sustainable ethanol production. Unlike sugarcane, maize offers more stable year-round availability and requires comparatively less water, making it more suitable for regions facing water stress.
Industry experts believe maize could play a crucial role as India moves toward higher ethanol blending targets beyond E20. A more diversified feedstock system is expected to reduce seasonal supply disruptions and strengthen long-term fuel security.
India’s cumulative ethanol supply of over 515 crore litres in just six months also indicates strong production capacity and expanding supply chain infrastructure. Monthly ethanol supplies remained robust throughout the year, reflecting increasing industrial readiness for clean fuel adoption.
The ethanol programme is considered an important part of India’s broader strategy to reduce crude oil imports, support farmers through alternative crop demand, lower carbon emissions, and promote renewable energy in the transport sector.
